Genomic DNA is all the DNA that makes up the genome of an organism, and its size is the total number of DNA base pairs in a single copy of a haploid genome. Genome size is positively correlated with the morphological complexity of prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes consist of DNA. Archaea have a DNA genome consisting of a ring chromosome. Most bacteria also have a ring chromosome, and eukaryotic genomes consist of one or more linear DNA chromosomes. Like the bacteria from which they originate, mitochondria and chloroplasts both contain ring chromosomes. Unlike prokaryotes, eukaryotes have exon-intron organization of protein-coding genes and a certain amount of repetitive DNA. the majority of mammalian and plant genomes consist of repetitive DNA.
Figure 1. The structure of human chromosomes.
DNA extraction is commonly used for library construction, Southern hybridization (including RFLP) and PCR to isolate genes. Using the property of longer DNA, it can be separated from small molecules of DNA such as organelles or plasmids. By adding a certain amount of isopropyl alcohol or ethanol, the large molecules of DNA will be precipitated to form fibrous flocs floating in it, which can be removed by a slide, while the small molecules of DNA will only form granular precipitates attached to the wall and bottom, thus achieving the purpose of extraction.
The method of DNA extraction differs for different organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms); different species or different tissues of the same species have different isolation methods due to their different cell structures and components. When extracting DNA from a particular tissue it is necessary to establish the corresponding extraction method with reference to literature and experience in order to obtain usable DNA macromolecules. In particular, polysaccharides and enzymes in tissues have a strong inhibitory effect on subsequent enzymatic digestion, PCR reactions, etc. Therefore, the removal of polysaccharides and phenolics should be considered when extracting DNA with materials rich in such substances.
In terms of years' professional experience in this field, Creative Biogene can provide you with the most affordable and highest quality genomic DNA extraction services.
In order to extract genomic DNA, we can use the following 4 methods.
1) precipitation method
2) silica gel membrane micro-column method
3) silica gel chromatography column method
4) magnetic bead method.
What they have in common is the pre-treatment process of the sample, the cells are broken up with lysis solution, the nuclear DNA is released and the vast majority of the proteins are degraded by proteinase k.
Our products extract high quality DNA with good reproducibility for many downstream molecular biology basic experiments, including:
Creative Biogene offers a range of genomic DNA extraction technologies to isolate and purify high-quality genomic DNA from different types of DNA. whether you prefer organic reagents, filter columns, or magnetic beads, we can perform sensitive, scalable purifications from a wide range of starting materials to maximize process efficiency and downstream performance, which includes a range of technologies for purifying genomic DNA, including tissue, cells, blood, serum, plants, forensic samples, and more, to find the right product for your research needs.
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